Aida Korjenić

Amra Banda

Amina Sivac

Ahmed Džaferagić

 

MALE HIDROELEKTRANE U BOSNI I HERCEGOVINI I NJIHOV UTICAJ NA OKOLIÅ 

 

UDC: 504[911.2:626](497.6)

DOI: 10.35666/28310438.2021.5.228

 

Abstract: Every human intervention in space causes consequences in the environment and the original nature. Recently, many discussions have been held on the impact of hydropower plants, especially small hydropower plants on the environment. The construction of hydropower plants usually emphasizes only positive environmental impacts, such as energy production, flood protection, water supply, etc., and neglects negative impacts, primarily changes in water regime, impact on groundwater and habitat change. The impacts of hydropower plants on the environment can be indirect and direct. Indirect ones appear during the construction of hydropower facilities as well as access infrastructure, while the direct impact of hydropower facilities occurs during their operation.So far, 109 small hydropower plants have been built in Bosnia and Herzegovina, and about 340 of them are in various phases of planning, preparation, and construction. Small hydropower plants, as many as were in operation in 2019, produced 497, 99 GWh, which is only 3,1% of the total electricity produced in BiH. The main goal of this paper is to analyze impacts of small hydropower plants on the environment in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Special attention is paid to the analysis of the justification of construction of small hydropower plants in relation to the total amount of energy obtained in this way, as well as the analysis of the need to protect water as a natural resource that is exploited, but also the space that remains permanently occupied with no possibility of returning to the original purpose.

Keywords: small hydropower plants, Bosnia and Herzegovina, environment protection.

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