Zlatko Gašić

Denis Radoš

 

GEOGRAFSKA ANALIZA TALIJANSKIH BUNKERA NA PODRUÄŒJU

ZADRA

  

DOI: 10.35666/28310438.2020.5.310

UDC: 911.37:725.181(497.5Zadar)"1920"

  

Abstract: By the end of the First World War, with the Rapallo Treaty in the 1920s Italy get Zadar under their control, which thus became an Italian enclave on the eastern Adriatic coast. Shortly after the war and annexation, the Italians saw the military-geographical flaw of the new enclave. This was because the hinterland consisted of a flat terrain, called Ravni kotari, which makes it ideal for enemy attacks. Fearing inland attacks, over 200 bunkers were built in two sectors; the landand the sea, while the land sector was divided into five sub-sectors (A, B, C, D and E). Ninedifferent types of bunkers were identified in the Zadar area by analysis, from the simplest circular positions from stone and concrete to large and then most modern reinforced concrete bunkers. The position and type of the bunkers were determined by fieldwork, while ownership is determined according to the data of the State Geodetic Administration and the Physical Planning Information System of the Republic of Croatia. Based on the information obtained, a map was created in ArcMap with all known bunker locations, and the range of artillery and visibility were analyzed. The result of the analysis is a map showing continuous artillery coverage and visibility map, so it can be concluded that the bunkers were built knowingly to cover as much space as possible.

Key words: bunker, map, military geography, sector, Zadar

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