4th Book of Proceedings - 2017

Article Index

Zoran Curić

GEOGRAFIJA U SUSTAVU ZNANOSTI I IZBORI U ZVANJA U REPUBLICI HRVATSKOJ

DOI: 10.35666/28310438.2016.4.20

UDC: 001.2[910.1:37](487.5)

Abstract: The position of geography in the system of science has always provoked discussions and opposite attitudes. There is no unified and generally accepted opinion on that issue. The goal of the paper is the analysis of the position of geography in the system of science in the Republic of Croatia in the previous two decades (1996-2016) and the reflection of that position on the appointments into scientific research and scientific research – teaching grades. Despite being one of the oldest scientific disciplines, the analysis of acts and subordinate regulations (ordinances) in that period determined unfavourable, inconsistent and generally not scientifically grounded position of geography in the system of science. That positionreflected in uneven criteria for appointments into the scientific research grades, and, consequently, into the scientific research – teaching grades and on work posts in the higher education. The criteria for appointments into the scientific research grades have been equalized by including geography into the interdisciplinary areas of science but it resulted in new issues of inconsistency to other regulations, unrecognizability of the interdisciplinary area on the labour market, difficulties in financing research projects in geography and reduced financing of the study programmes in geography.

Key words: geography, scientific field, scientific research grades, scientific research – teaching grades

Snježana Musa

Marija Misilo

METODOLOGIJA IDENTIFIKACIJE GEODIVERZITETA U BIH

DOI: 10.35666/28310438.2016.4.40

UDC: 911.9[911.2:551.4](497.6)

Abstract: The concept of geodiversity is developed only a few years, but it quickly became the subject of research for scientists around the world. At this early stage of its development, identification of the components and their quantification is being done. Strongly expressed need of geological diversity evaluation points to the necessity of of the research methodology development. The previous work was related to the identification of the various relief units: sub-polar, alpine, river and protected areas. Only a few years ago geographers redefined the concept of geodiversity and began publishing papers of the complex evaluation of geodiversity. All approaches are based on the space diversification into specific regions. The accumulation of this material will last for a long time, but one of the problems is the lack of standardized qualification and the subjective quantification problem of geological diversity factors. In some European countries the development of geodiversity is focused on creating atlas of geological diversity (Switzerland, Poland, Slovakia, Finland). New acquis in processing spatial data is GIS, that can provide enough opportunities for specialized analysis. In this context, the main methodological task is an objective assessment of the indicators and their cartographic visualization. The aim of this paper is to present the current concepts in geodiversity presentation and define framework of methodological and methodical standards by which research in B&H on the mapping of geological diversity should conduct, and as a final task, show the preliminary research concept for the development of the atlas of geological diversity of Bosnia and Herzegovina.

Keywords: identification, quantification, methodology and atlas of geological diversity

Goran Barović

Duško Vujačić

Velibor Spalević

KARTOGRAFIJA U HIDROGRAFIJI – HIDROGRAFIJA U KARTOGRAFIJI

DOI: 10.35666/28310438.2016.4.77

UDC: 10.35666/28310438.2016.4.77

Abstract: Water management has been human interest from ancient times, since water defined society development. Like most geosciences, hydrology made its roots in geography. It grew as a separate science discipline, dealing with water both on the surface and under the ground, trying to define occurences and processes linked with water. Hydrology presents its results through various predefined tools. One of those tools, which is the most logical and the easiest to understand is cartographic represtentation. Cartographic represtentation enables not only direct and clear presentation of obtained data, but also easily opens new fields and creates new ideas for further research. Maps derived from hydrological studies are by themselves a good ground for research too. By looking at the connections between these fields, it can clearly be seen that there is plenty space for work in research. This especially comes into sight when we appreciate applications of cartographic methods and possibilities of spatial, temporal and essential definition of hydrological properties of observed space.

Key words: cartography, hydrology, cartographic method, cartographic expression tools

Ivana Crljenko

KLASIFICIRANJE UDOMAĆENIH GEOGRAFSKIH IMENA ZA POTREBE ZNANSTVENIH ISTRAŽIVANJA

DOI: 10.35666/28310438.2016.4.87

UDC: 911.3:81̕ʼ373.21(100)=163.42

Abstract: The adapted geographical names (exonyms) are domesticated names of foreign geographical features different from their original names (endonyms). Hence, the Croatian exonym is an adapted Croatian geographical name for the feature located outside of the Croatian-speaking area (e.g. Budimpešta /Budapest/, Juţna Koreja /South Korea/, Rim /Rome/, Sicilija /Sicily/). Due to their significant importance in the development and preservation of national language(s), exonyms are the subject of interest of the specialized Working Group on Exonyms for over fourteen years. It is an operative body within the United Nations Group of Experts on Geographical Names, which register and study exonyms. The purpose of this paper is to contribute to their comprehensive studies. The aim is to refer to the ways the adapted geographical names can be classified. The classifications could serve as a methodological tool for further qualitative and quantitative exonym studies. They could also be very helpful in the process of “reading” exonyms, especially in deciphering geographical attributes that are strongly represented in geographical names, and in detecting the prevalence and intensity of historical-cultural and political relations between the two language communities. Since the country names have reached the highest degree of the standardization of geographical names in Croatia (with their official and recommended variant names), they were used as an example of applying classification of exonyms according to the motivation of naming.

Key words: adapted geographical names, exonyms, classification, country names

Milka Grmuša

Sanda Šušnjar

Jelena Golijanin

Mariana Lukić Tanović

STRATEGIJA PRONALAŽENJA SLIČNOSTI I RAZLIKA U FUNKCIJI RAZVOJA AKTIVNE NASTAVE GEOGRAFIJE

DOI: 10.35666/28310438.2016.4.97

UDC: 910.5/.9:37.016

Abstract: This paper deals with teaching strategy of finding similarities and differneces, enhancing possibilities and applying effectivness in geography learning. Throw adequate analysis it is highlighted value of the strategy in improving student cognitive skills. Numerous research claimed neccessity of implementying active learnig strategies, whereby learnig process would be focused on students activation and imroving of their cognitive(learning) skills. The aim of geography learnig and a character of geographical contents affects the selection of proper learnig startegy. Besides gaining a new informations and improving studnets knowledge, advancing skills of analithic and sinthetic reasoning and making analogies is highly important teaching focus. The aim of this paper is enhancing the value of this strategy in active geography teaching and learinig, all given through possibilities of proper applying with examples in geography classes. The method of theoretical analysis was used. The analysis of different teaching methodology literature, pedagogical, didactic and psychological literature has found that the strategy identifying similarities and differences, suitable for the development of students' higher thinking activities, and that it can contribute to easier understanding and acquisition of geographical content. The paper presents an analysis of different possibilities of application of this strategy in the teaching of geography, as well as practical examples of application by using various graphic organizers.

Key words: Strategy, Identifying similarities and differences, Active Learning, teaching geography

Željka Šiljković

HRVATSKA NA PUTU PREMA INDUSTRIJI 4.0

DOI: 10.35666/28310438.2016.4.111

UDC: 911.3:338.45(497.5)

Abstract: Fourth Industrial revolution or Industry 4.0 are based on the Internet technology, smart technology and robotics connecting people and machines into mutual manufacturing process. Aside smart technology, phones and cities one of the Industry 4.0 objectives is creation of smart factories, but also tertiary and quaternary sector activates. Smart factories demand smart products, products of the new generation as part of the virtual-physic system.For such production, new skills and new knowledge are necessary so scientific institutions have more and more prominent role in the process of their creation. Industry 4.0 and the new scientific paradigm open space for techno-sciences, that is interrelation of technological processes and science, technical, mathematics, social and scientists from collectors to creators.Croatian science is not adequately connected with industry; mainly it is closed on universities, self-sufficient and committed towards students education. Therefore Croatia is technologically undeveloped in relation to other EU member countries, and does not have Industry 4.0 strategy. There is only project HR- ISE innovative smart factory. Croatia belongs to the group of so-called „ indecisive“ countries with low readiness index, especially robotics. Only around 150 robots are involved in the manufacturing processes indicating that the majority of the industry is traditional, conservative with lack of understanding of the world economy.

Key words: Industry 4.0, robotics, smart production, Croatia

Alma Pobrić

Aida Avdić

DEMOGRAFSKE KARATERISTIKE I PROMJENE ZENIČKO-DOBOJSKOG KANTONA

DOI: 10.35666/28310438.2016.4.121

UDC: 911.3:314(497.6ZDK)

Abstract: Zenica-Doboj canton covers an area of 3.343 km² in size and it is ranked fourth in the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina. Canton includes 12 municipalities: Breza, Doboj - Jug, Kakanj, Maglaj, Olovo, Tešanj, Usora, Vareš, Visoko, Zavidovići, Zenica and Ţepĉe. The administrative center of the Canton is Zenica. According to the Census of 2013, there are 364.433 residents in this Canton which makes 16.4% of the total population of the Federation. According to population it is ranked as third Canton, right after the Tuzla and Sarajevo Canton. This paper will present demographic characteristics of the Zenica - Doboj Canton and each municipality of it. According the fact that Bosnia and Herzegovina existed 22 years without official census, this paper analyzes demographic changes in the period of 1991 - 2013. In order to present a comprehensive demographic structure of the Canton in total, natural and mechanical movement, structure of the population, with emphasis on the age structure are presented. Changes in the population of above mentioned area in the period 1991. – 2013. is best seen through the number of abandon settlement (total of 44).

Keywords: Zenica-Doboj Canton, demographic characteristics, natural movement, mechanical movement, age structure, demographic changes, abandon settlement.

Marija Jukić

Danijel Barišić

GEOGRAFSKE OSNOVE HRVATSKOG IDENTITETA U SREDNJOJ BOSNI

DOI: 10.35666/28310438.2016.4.134

UDC: 911.3:913(497.6-014)(=163.42)

Abstract: To analyse spatial identity in geography, the key determinant is the geographical area. It is where social life occurs, shapes its identity, cultural landscape, etc. These are all elements of forming local, as well as regional identity. In this regard, the area of Central Bosnia is defined, not only as a geographical, but also as a traditional region of a distinctive character. The fact that the Medieval Bosnian state originated in this area further emphasises this. Catholic Croats have, among others, strongly shaped the above mentioned area with their activity. The thesis explores the socio-cultural criteria for determining the regional and spatial identity of the Catholic Croats of Central Bosnia, which can serve as an extract of the vernacular regions of the previously mentioned area. The result of the thesis is a presentation of socio-cultural criteria that contain material (cultural landscape, architecture) and immaterial components (language, customs, lifestyle) of Catholic Croats' tradition of Central Bosnia that are the guidelines for determining the spatial (regional) identity of Catholic Croats in Central Bosnia.

Key words: cultural landscape, spatial identity, Central Bosnia, Catholic Croats

Rahman Nurković

UTICAJ INDUSTRIJE NA RAZVOJ GRADA SARAJEVA

DOI: 10.35666/28310438.2016.4.150

UDC: 911.3:338.45(497.6Sarajevo)

Abstract: In this paper geographic characteristics of industrial development of the Sarajevo City have been presented. The thematic is, certainly, very extensive and complex, and therefore much more attentions should be paid to it in the future. Results of research for the four important parameters were shown: 1) industrial location factor, 2) spatial distribution of industry; 3) branch structure of industry and 4) possibilities of the future industry development. Industry represents one of the most powerful factors of regional socio-geographic transformation of the Sarajevo City. Naturally, geographic conditions enabled a rapid economic development of the Sarajevo City. To these, relief characteristics and water network, which have particularly affected the development of traffic lines and the settlement network, and the central settlements, in particular, should be added.

Keywords: industry, City of Sarajevo, development, factors, transformation of space

Danijel Orešić

Ivan Čanjevac

Ivan Madžar

PROTOČNI REŽIMI NA SAVI KOD RUGVICE, JASENOVCA I ŽUPANJE U XX. STOLJEĆU

DOI: 10.35666/28310438.2016.4.166

UDC: 911.2:556(497.5-11)“19“

Abstract: In order to analyse discharge regimes on the middle Sava River course three hydrologic stations are chosen having homogenous and as much continuous data on river discharge in the observed period 1931-2010. Those stations are Rugvica at the beginning of the middle Sava, station Jasenovac positioned just forehead of the Una river mouth and all the other large tributaries from Bosnia and Hercegovina and station Županja near the end of the middle Sava river course. At all three stations a notable negative trend of yearly mean and minimal yearly discharge is observed. Maximum yearly discharges at the same time show growth at Rugvica station, slowly decrease at Jasenovac and in Županja have a negative trend comparable to yearly mean discharge trend. Modern river discharge regime typology in Croatia places discharge regime at Rugvica into Perripannonian pluvial-nival type, while discharge regimes at Jasenovac and Županja fall into Pannnoninan pluvial-nival type. Comparison of discharge regimes by climatological standard periods 1931-1960 and 1961- 1990 as well as modern 30 year period 1981-2010 showed that important changes in the course of mean monthly discharges occurred already in the period 1961-1990 compared to the previous 30 year period.

Key words: discharge regime, discharge trends, Sava River Basin, hydrogeography, hydrology.

Jelena Golijanin

Milica Pecelj

Sanda Šušnjar

Mariana Lukuć Tanović

DOI: 10.35666/28310438.2016.4.179

UDC: 911.2[551.58:574.9](497.6)

Abstract: Dendrochronology is a relatively new scientific discipline whose methods are used in paleogeographic researches and analysis of conditions and changes in an environment. Dendrochronology related discipline - dendroclimatology, it is particularly useful for the study, observation and monitoring of climate conditions that are recorded in tree rings in the past. Dendroclimatology research in Bosnia and Herzegovina do not have a long tradition. Research methods used by these disciplines provide a reliable paleogeographic information, about the variability of individual climate elements (precipitation and temperature) that were presented during a particular epoch. This paper discusses the development and frequency of this type of research and gives overview of scope and results of previous research, with special attention on analysis of results that recorded climate change, based on interaction of environmental conditions and width of tree rings. We also analyse opportunities and benefits that natural conditions (presence of older trees, alpine relief and growth in isolated area, duration and availability of climate data, etc.) in Bosnia and Herzegovina are providing for continuation of the present, and the establishment of future dendroclimatological systematic researches. The research results indicate growing trend and increasing topicality of dendroclimatological researches in Bosnia and Herzegovina, which is in accordance with global trends.

Key words: Dendroclimatology, Dendrochronology, Bosnia and Herzegovina (BiH), paleogeographic methods, climate changes

Vojislav Deđanski

Marko Langović

ZNAČAJ DUNAVA ZA RAZVOJ TEŠKE INDUSTRIJE SRBIJE

DOI: 10.35666/28310438.2016.4.191

UDC: 911.3:338.45(497.11Dunav)

Abstract: After the Second World War, the process of rapid industrialization had started. It was based on the opening sections of the various industries, which were suitable for the employment of large number of people. Sections of heavy industry were opened in big towns due to the workforce, as well as on large rivers for sufficient quantitites of water and the possibility of cheap transport. The Danube as the largest river in Serbia provides excellent opportunities for the development of heavy industry. The Danube flows through Serbia in the length of 588 km, and on it’s progress distinguish Upper, Middle and Lower Danube. The largest number of systems of heavy industry is located in the Upper Danube region, while the middle part is fully utilized for energy purposes because of the largest fall of river and the maximum speed of the river. In the upper course of the Danube, there are two refineries (Panĉevo, Novi Sad) and plants of ferrous metallurgy (Smederevo). Except for the transportation of raw materials, the Danube water is used in the production as well as for cooling the machinery. The development of heavy industries has also contributed to various types of pollution of Danube by its wastewaters. The subject of the work will be the analysis of the hydrological factors affecting the development of the industry, as well as the factor of river traffic.

Keywords: Danube, Serbia, heavy industry, importance

Jurica Botić

KONCEPT 33 OBLASTI I TERITORIJALIZACIJA IDENTITETA U KRALJEVINI SHS

DOI: 10.35666/28310438.2016.4.205

UDC: 911.3:32(497.15)(091)"1918/1929"

Abstract: The article provides an overview of the internal administrative-territorial structure of the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes based on the concept of 33 counties, by putting into correlation of this concept with the intention of territorialisation of the identity of “threetribal people” deprived of ethnic and historical principles. Specifically, the article analyses the correlation between historical provinces and political entities on one side and the administrative-territorial solution of the 33 counties on the other side, as well as the correlation between ethnic principle and this concept. Thereby, the area of Bosnia and Herzegovina stands out as an area with the highest level of territorial commonality in relation to the current state borders, but also with complete and obvious deviations from the current internal administrative-territorial structure of this country.

Key words: the Kingdom of SCS, 33 counties, territorialisation, identity, Bosnia and Herzegovina

Rusmir Djedović

Almira Bećirović

ČARŠIJA U DOBOJU KRAJEM 19. STOLJEĆA – URBANOGEOGRAFSKE KARAKTERISTIKE

DOI: 10.35666/28310438.2016.4.216

UDC: 911.37(497.15Doboj)“18“

Abstract: During the government of Osman Empire, central part of the city had been developped, in the settlement of Doboj, in the period of time from 16 th to 19 th century. It had been developed ,at the place of the former medieval suburb,on its main square, below the famous fortress (medieval city). There is no researches with special focus on hypothesis that bazaar in Doboj had represented the main characteristics of urban geography of the settlement from 16th to 19th century. Bazaar had represented the public and busines central point of the settlement through four centuries of the Otomans governance Deteiled researches of the characteristics of urban geography of the bazaar are based on so far unused documents and resources. First of all based on land-registries from the begining of 1885 and latter, and cadastral plans dating from 1882. to 1885. (updated latter on).

Key words: Doboj, Bazaar, urban geography, end of the 19th century, shops, families.

Edin Hadžimustafić

Sabahudin Smajić

GEOGRAFSKA ORIJENTACIJA STEĆAKA NA PODRUČJU TUZLANSKOG KANTONA

DOI: 10.35666/28310438.2016.4.230

UDC: 911.3:2-526.65(497.6TK)

Abstract: In this work the geographical orientation of the individual forms of bosnian tombstones (stećak) in Tuzla Canton are researched. The objective of this research is to determine the precise geographical orientation of tombstones. The general hypothesis is that the orientation of stećci (tombstones) is corresponding to the generally accepted thesis about setting the stećci (tombstones) in the east-west direction. For this research primarily were conducted: fieldwork, cartographic methods, methods of analysis and synthesis, statistical methods and others. Geographical coordinates of the stećci (tombstones) are determined in the field using GPS, and azimuths using a compass. Here presented results of the geographical orientation for 1340 individual tombstones from the Tuzla Canton will enhance current knowledge about the Bosnian-Herzegovinian invaluable goods and will also trace a pioneering research of tombstone through application of contemporary geographical methods, primarily Geographic Information System.

Keywords: geographical orientation, stećak (Bosnian tombstone), geographical coordinates, Geographic Information System, Tuzla Canton.

Qerim Kastrati

Bajram Kafexholli

IDENTIFIKACIJA, KALSIFIKACIJA I VRIJEDNOVANJE GEOMORFOLOŠKIH TURISTIČKIH MOTIVA ALBANSKIH PROKLETIJA

DOI: 10.35666/28310438.2016.4.241

UDC: 338.48-44[911.2:551.4](234.422.2)

Abstract: The subject of this scientific paper is identification, classification and valorization of geomorphological tourist motives of Albanian Cursed Mountains and their spatial distribution. The hypothesis of this paper is based on the scientific assumption that in the area of Albanian Cursed Mountains there are insufficiently explored tourist motifs that have a high tourist value. In the implementation of the set of scientific research objectives were realized the following tasks: analysis of available literature and cartographic data and theoretical identification and classification of tourist motives, field observation and collection of additional data and accompanying photo documentation. It is used several methods, such as analysis and synthesis, comparative, descriptive, statistical, UNWTO method, „Interpersonal consent“ method and so on. In the area of Albanian Cursed Mountains were identified 69 tourism motives. Proceeding tourist and geographical area of evaluation of Albanian Cursed Mountais has a general tourist value 3.44 and is ranked in the motives of the regional tourist interest. This region offers good conditions for the development of new forms of tourism: mass winter tourism, eco-tourism, sightseeing and recreational tourism, hiking, hunting, health tourism and others. Tourist valorization of Albanian Cursed Mountains area shows that these tourist motives have a regional character with high value of uniqueness, attractiveness, the ambience, the possibility of using motives for tourist purposes, compatibility with other tourist motives and so on. On the basis of the relevant facts collected from the available literature sources and field research is defined by the value of geomorphological tourism motives of Albanian Cursed Mountains, amd established the necessary databases to optimize the tourist offer.

Key words: Cursed Mountains, geomorphological motives, identification, classification, valorization

Haris Zejnić

Maida Kalajdžija

PRIMJENA GIS-A I DALJINSKIH ISTRAŽIVANJA U ANALIZI TIPOVA POKROVNOSTI GRADA BIHAĆA

DOI: 10.35666/28310438.2016.4.254

UDC: 911.9[528.94:004](497.6Bihać)

Abstract: In order to determine land cover types or to define the use of space to spatial planning categories (agricultural land, forests and forest land, water and water areas, urban areas, etc.) one of the key tasks is when creating spatial plans and the management of the resources of an area. Also, in sense of monitoring land –use changes, it is to define some potential negative changes in the environment, that occur during some natural disasters (forest fires, floods, etc.). It is therefore of utmost importance to apply the appropriate model for accurately determining the types of land cover of an area. This paper analyzes the different approaches in defining the types of land cover of Bihac use of certain GIS models and methods of remote sensing. Studies have involved several stages: determining the types of land cover by manual digitization orthophoto images and supplement existing data from GIS database, through analysis of results obtained Corine Land Cover methodology, to the classification of multispectral satellite images Landsat 8 and SPOT 5.The results of the research are maps of land cover types city of Bihać obtained enumerated approaches.

Keywords: types of cover, GIS, remote sensing, orthophoto images, Corine Land Cover, Landsat 8, SPOT 5, Classification

Ljubica Ivanović Bibić

Anđelija Ivkov Džigurski

Smiljana Đukičin Vučković

Jelena Milanković Jovanov

PROMJENE U OBRAZOVNOJ STRUKTURI STANOVNIŠTVA ŠAJKAŠKE

DOI: 10.35666/28310438.2016.4.272

UDC: 911.3[312.8:37](497.113)

Abstract: The educational structure of population has great significance in demographic research, considering its impact on natural and migrational population movements, as well as on certain population structures studied by demography. The educational structure and educational level of population are important for every country since there is a mutual dependence between overall social development and population structure in terms of educational characteristics. This paper analyses educational features, that is the literacy and school qualifications of the population of Sajkaska in the period of time from 1961 to 2011, on the scale of settlements as well as on the scale of the whole area. According to the all considered censuses the region of Šajkaška has substantially higher illiteracy rate when compared to Vojvodina. Thus there arose a need for a more detailed analysis of the educational structure of population in 14 settlements that belong to this region. The research results show a constant decrease of illiteracy rate in the region of Šajkaška from census to census (1961: 12.6%; 2011: 2.7%); a decrease in the percentage of people without educational attainment, as well as in the number of people with incomplete primary education and in the number of those who finished only primary schools (1961: 92.5%; 2011: 42.7%), all in favour of the increase of the percentage of people with secondary education (1961: 7.0%; 2011: 50.6%), which is characteristic of whole Vojvodina and the Republic of Serbia. The rate of people with completed academic and university education is the least (1961: 0.5%, 2011: 6.6%).

Key words: Population, Structure, Literacy, educational qualifications, Vojvodina, Serbia.

Barudanović Senka

Čitak Amila

OČUVANJE TRADICIONALNIH ZNANJA O BIODIVERZITETU NA PODRUČJU LIVNA

DOI: 10.35666/28310438.2016.4.289

UDC: 911.3:574.9(497.6Livno)

Abstract: Tradition represents the roots of every nation; it is passed on from one generation to the next in the purpose of preservation of a nation's identity. As an important life resource, plants and animals have always been used in various purposes, and during the whole evolution of humankind they have been the sole source of energy and medicine, so in time tradition of their uses has been developed. Main goals of this paper are field researches with purpose of documenting the existing traditional knowledge and practices through the previously prepared model of an interview/questionnaire; the list of collected data of traditional knowledge; identification of specific local knowledge; analysis and assessment of traditional knowledge in Livno. During the research, in period from January to August 2016 in the area of Livno it is determined that there are over 17 wooden specimens, and over 25 plants that have traditional usage in nutrition, medicine and fabric coloring. Based on the acquired results it is clear that there is a need for moral, ethical and cultural awakening of awareness of citizen. The ultimate result would have positive results on the development of local communities, development of the eco tourism, small local businesses and ultimately the use of nature and its resources in a sustainable way.

Key words: resource, traditional knowledge, eco tourism, Livno, sustainable usage

Aleksandar Lukić

Petra Radeljak Kaufmann

CRORURIS - PRIMJENA METODE SCENARIJA U PLANIRANJU I RAZVOJU RURALNIH PODRUČJA HRVATSKE U BUDUĆNOSTI

DOI: 10.35666/28310438.2016.4.303

UDC: 911.9:911.37(497.5-22)

Abstract: The main anticipated result of the interdisciplinary CRORURIS study is the production of a set of alternative future scenarios for Croatian rural areas in 2030, with the goal of encouraging informed and evidence-based public debate on rural futures. Given their size, population number, functions and the variety of challenges they face, the question of the future of rural areas is one of the most pressing issues in contemporary Europe. This is evident from recent scenario-based approaches to study future trends and driving forces for rural Europe(e.g. SCENAR 2020, EURURALIS). Furthermore, although the majority of rural areas in Croatia face tremendous demographic and economic challenges, to our knowledge no scenario-based research has been done, with thenotable exception of a few partial impact analyses that have been conducted in recent Croatian agricultural policy. This paper presents the methodology and conceptual framework of the CRORURIS study as well as selected preliminary results of the study.

Key words: scenario, rural areas, multivariate analysis, typology, Croatia

Mevlida Operta

Nijaz Škripić

Boris Avdić

ZNAČAJ GEOLOŠKIH ISTRAŽIVANJA ZA POTREBE IZRADE REGULACIONOG PLANA NA PRIMJERU SOUKBUNARA

DOI: 10.35666/28310438.2016.4.317

UDC: 911.2:550.8(497.6Soukbunar)

Abstract: Geological survey is very important segment of urban spatial planning, which is especially evident in the case of Sarajevo. Geomorphological, geological, tectonic and hydrogeological characteristics of Mount Trebević slope terrain (locality of Soukbunar) are analyzed in this paper. By the synthesis of survey results, it has been found that active and partially or fully mitigated landslides exist in this area. Landslides description, taken mitigation measures for each individual landslide, as well as geological-engineering, geotechnical and laboratory testing results for the soils and rocks are given. Also, terrain categorization is conducted according to degree of stability and vulnerability to recent exodynamic and technogenic processes, as well as to suitability for construction. This paper also emphasize the significance of monitoring during surveys, especially in the case of mitigated landslides, for terrain categorization and determination of landslides mitigation degree.

Key words: landslide, regulation plan, monitoring, terrain categorization

Dejan Đorđević

Tijana Dabović

Bojana Poledica

Tijana Đorđević

OSVRT NA GENEZU I RAZVOJ PLANIRANJA PODUNAVLJA U SRBIJI

DOI: 10.35666/28310438.2016.4.331

UDC: 911.9:711.061(497.11Podunavlje)

Abstract: Special emphasis regarding historical context is placed on the impact of U.S. planning major basins, primarily Tennessee River, initiated by the consequences of the Great Depression in the late 1920’s. The Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA) was created by U.S. Congress in May 1933. It was and it still is a pattern for planning used not only in our country but in a whole world. Pursuing the experience of regional planning in the Ruhr area at the end of 19th century (example of efforts taken by the Keiser’s Germany to get closer to or even outruns the British Empire) and inspired by a TVA as measure taken within the New Deal Germany launched itself into regional planning and large-scale public works in order to overcome consequences of the World economic crisis (1929-1933), Germany decides to replicate this theoretical model of planning under new circumstances and with expansionist goals. Naturally, the Danube area, where German expansionist, economic, social and political interests coincided with the interests of others, namely Italy, lies in the centre. The paper analyses the idea of “Large Space”, as well as organisational and institutional arrangements for its execution with special emphasis on planning in the Southeast and Danube area (economy, politics, etc). After the Second World War the number of initiatives, organizations and projects targeting the Danube River, Danube Area and Southeast Europe has shown a rapid growth. The issues covered include: valorisation of the Danube waterway and its energy potential (Belgrade convention of 1948 regarding the regime of navigation on the Danube, construction of the Rhine-Main-Danube waterway, acclamation of the PanEuropean Corridor VII, construction of the hydroelectric power plants Iron Gate 1 and Iron Gate 2...), establishment of different international bodies and working communities in the Danube area (transnational co-operation programmes (INTERREG IIC, INTERREG IIIB CADSES, SOUTH EAST EUROPE…) and their projects (Vision Planet, Planet Cense, ESTIA, DONAUHANSE, DONAUREGIONEN…), development of the EU Danube Strategy, etc. Circumstances and goals are, however, different though some parallels could be found, too. The aim of the paper is to identify and explain them as well as to integrate some lessons learned from history into contemporary spatial planning concept in Southeast Europe and Danube area.

Key words: Spatial planning, Danube river, regional development, planning history, Serbia

Maradin Mladen

Lončar Jelena

DOI: 10.35666/28310438.2016.4.345

UDC: 502[911.2:556](497.5Istra)

Abstract: The environmental aspect should be framework for development strategies and documents related to spatial planning. The aim of the paper is analysis of all aspects in water supply given by the water municipal companies in the County of Istria to determine the impact of certain activities (tourism) and households on the water usage for the period from 2006 up to the present. Special focus is on to those environmental elements that have direct impact on the availability of water – precipitations and of the terrain/underground features. Water supply system in the researched area are within the responsibility of the three public water municipal companies (Istarski vodovod – Buzet, Vodovod Pula i Vodovod Labin). Due to seasonality of tourism in County of Istria, the highest pressure on the water supply system is during the summer months (June-August) when is the minimum in annual precipitation. The pressure is also highlighted by observed and future climate change and the increase of the number of tourist arrivals in the last decade. Water supply systems meet the needs of the local population and the economy at the time, although the number of consumers constantly grows. There is no significant change in water consumption in last decade. Water consumption depends on hydrological conditions in any given year. As the conclusion, the future problems of the water supply system of Istria is given, considering the scenarios of climate change and planned development of economy and tourism in particular. As an example, the interdependence of water supply and demands for water (in economy/tourism) is analyses on the case of the City of Rovinj.

Key words: Istria, communal infrastructure, water supply, sustainability, precipitation

Milka Bubalo-Živković

Tamara Lukić

Bojan Đerčan

Anđelija Ivkov-Džigurski

LJUDSKI RESURSI – BITAN ČINILAC REGIONALNOG RAZVOJA PODUNAVLJA REPUBLIKE SRBIJE

DOI: 10.35666/28310438.2016.4.359

UDC: 911.3[331.101.262:332.155](497.11Podunavlje)

Abstract: Danube region, together with the South and Great Morava Region represents areas where it is concentrated the highest percentage of human resources of the Republic of Serbia, because in this area the largest cities are located (Belgrade and Novi Sad). Danube region of Republic of Serbia covers about 18% of the total territory of the Republic of Serbia. In this area lives almost 30% of the total population. The largest concentration of population is in the central part of the Danube region (from Backa Palanka to Ram), while the upper and lower Danube region, because of the border location, has more demographic problems than the central part. For the analysis of the current state of human resources in the work are used data from the Republic Bureau of Statistics of the Republic of Serbia, the results of the Census, and the data of annual publications (Municipalities in the Republic of Serbia). We analyzed the changes in the population, and the population structure. It was made a detail analysis of gender and age structure of the population by calculating the median age of the population, age index and the index of youth, as well as the coefficient of load. With the increase in the coefficient of age, a decline in the coefficient of youth and the increasing average age of the population, there has been a problem of regional development in this area, because they are the human resources are bearers for sustainable development. With the analysis of the economic structure of the population, this points to the problems of an increase in the share of dependents and increasing the coefficient of load which creates a number of problems related to the economic viability of the area.

Key words: Human resources, the Danube region, depopulation, population aging

Aida Bidžan-Gekić

Haris Gekić

REGIONALNA POVEZANOST I VALORIZACIJA TURISTIČKIH POTENCIJALA BIHAĆKOG I BANJALUČKOG TURISTIČKO-GEOGRAFSKOG REJONA

DOI: 10.35666/28310438.2016.4.371

UDC: 913:338.48(497.6Bihać:Banja Luka)

Abstract: Bihać and Banja Luka tourist-geographical regions are rich in natural and anthropogenic tourist potentials, where specific forms of tourism can be developed, such as: mountain, hunting, rural, excursion-recreational, adventure, recreational/sports, fishing, speleological, ecotourism, religious, cultural manifestation, business, convention and transit tourism. This paper will present the main natural and geographical and socio-geographical characteristics of tourist-geographical regions, as well as the possibility of their valorisation for the development of tourism in them. Moreover, it will present the tourist trade and accommodation capacities of these tourist and geographic regions. In this paper, the following methods will be applied: statistical, valorisation, descriptive, cartographic, etc.

Key words: Bihać, Banja Luka, tourist-geographical region, tourism development, regional integation

Irena Magerl

MEDONOSNE REGIJE I PČELARSKA ISPAŠA U BOSNI I HERCEGOVINI

DOI: 10.35666/28310438.2016.4.394

UDC: 913[338.43:638.1](497.6)

Abstract: Currently in the countries of EU there is a 51.5% shortage of honey and it is being imported from other areas. Considering the healthy and unpolluted environment, Bosnia and Herzegovina could become an attractive area for ecological manufacture of honey. The blooming period of honey plants in Bosnia and Herzegovina stretches from February to October. That fact enables the division of Bosnia and Herzegovina into eight quality bee pastures which are regionally categorized in four main physiognomic regions: periPannonian Bosnia, mountainous Bosnia, High karst and Herzegovina. Climate and vegetation diversity, their early or late bloom period enables mobile beekeeping and an improvement in quality and quantity of apiculture products. Bee pasturage contains all types of floral honey plants: meadow plants, fruit species, bush like plants, medicinal plants, crop plants, forest species and other. For practical beekeeping it is necessary to know the contents of bee pastures in a radius of at least three kilometers from the location of the beehives. A phenological calendar or a nature calendar of some area, a honey producing area, is made based on a number of indicators and depending on the types of honey plants. In the paper is listed an inventory of honey plants (with basic characteristics of plant species), a map of honey producing regions according to the bloom period of different plants. Based on that, an assessment of possible honey production in each region has been made. Relatively low use of pesticides in our country enables organic certification of out honey, at least in some regions. In the honey market there is an occurrence of new segments and services with varying potential, including bee venom, the newest hit in apiary production.

Key words: beekeeping, Bosnia and Herzegovina, honey producing regions, phenological calendar

Edin Hrelja

Ranko Mirić

Adnan Efendić

PROSTORNO PLANIRANJE TURISTIČKOG RAZVOJA BOSANSKO-PODRINJSKOG KANTONA

DOI: 10.35666/28310438.2016.4.408

UDC: 911.3[711.061:338.48](497.6TK)

Abstract: Tourism values in Bosnian Podrinje Canton are those objects, contents, landmarks and curiosities that can enable satisfaction of any of tourist needs, e. g. recreation, culture, health, certain event etc. Valorization represents one of the most important phases in the process of spatial planning of tourism. At the same time, it is the most complex and hardest phase, especially when it is concerned with the estimation of values, whose tourism significance is not easy to objectively determine. This paper contains identification and evaluation of each natural or cultural tourism potentials in the territory of Bosnian Podrinje Canton. Basic meaning of valorization method is to provide a quantitative evaluation of existing motive values, whereby evaluation in conducted on the basis of the research with the methodology of crosslinked thinking of employees in the Tourism Board of Bosnian Podrinje Canton. In addition to these specific methods of tourism research, methods of analysis, synthesis, field observation and GIS are also applied. On the basis of conducted research, recommendations are given in order to improve the values of tourism motives, as well as the whole economic development in this Canton.

Key words: spatial planning, tourism development, valorization, Bosnian Podrinje Canton

Haris Gekić

Aida Bidžan-Gekić

Senada Nezirović

SAVREMENE PROMJENE U PROSTORNOM RAZMJEŠTAJU USJEVA ZENIČKO-DOBOJSKOG KANTONA

DOI: 10.35666/28310438.2016.4.416

UDC: 913:338.43(497.6ZDK)

Abstract: In the last few decades, concepts such as concentration of crops, diversification of crops and crop combinations have attracted the attention of many agricultural geographers in the world, but not in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Therefore, this paper, on the example of the Zenica Doboj Canton, analyzes in detail the above concepts of cropping pattern in the period 2005- 2015. Cropping pattern was rated in order to better understand the proportion of different crops within the study area. Results of the paper will certainly help in understanding the unevenness of the spatial distribution of crops and the importance of certain crops in making appropriate strategies and defining the production of certain crops in the Zenica Doboj Canton.

Key words: crop concentration, crop diversification, crop combination, agricultural geography

Danijel Barišić

Marija Jukić

PROMETNA POVEZANOST I DOSTUPNOST CESTOVNIH ČVORIŠTA U GRADU TUZLI

DOI: 10.35666/28310438.2016.4.439

UDC: 911.3:338.47(497.6Tuzla)

Abstract: Density, development and categorization of the road network are important indicators of general development and progress. The aim of this paper is to analyze road network in the city of Tuzla. Owing to the above-mentioned analysis,the strength of road network impact on the development of centrally placed local communities,as well as those on the city outskirts, is defined. Using graph theory, alpha, beta and gamma indexes have been calculated and analyzed connectivity and availability of the main road junctions in the city of Tuzla territory.

Key words: connection, accessibility, road network, road junctions, graph theory, Tuzla

Siniša Trkulja

Tijana Živanović

MEĐUNARODNI OKVIR ZA RAZVOJ NASELJA U SVETU U PERIODU OD 2016. DO 2036. GODINE

DOI: 10.35666/28310438.2016.4.453

UDC: 911.37(100)“2016/2036“

Abstract: Global planning document named „International Guidelines on Urban and Territorial Planning” was made for the first time, in 2015. It was used as one of the pillars for the „New Urban Agenda” adopted in 2016 at the third United Nation’s conference on human settlements – Habitat III. New Urban Agenda consists of commitments and proposed activities for urban governance around the world. Having in mind that urbanization is an ongoing trend and that an increasing number of people lives in cities, it is necessary to guide urban development, exchange experiences about it and harmonize activities among countries as main development policy makers. Urban development in the New Urban Agenda put emphasis on housing, but also on other activities that take place in human settlements like public services, infrastructure, management of public spaces and security issues. All those activities are present in urban and regional plans which trace development of cities and their hinterland, in the way that urban and rural development can’t be viewed separately, while principles which are set for the comprehensive territorial development are integrated approach, sustainable development, participatory planning and vertical and horizontal cooperation. The process of international cooperation at the global level under the auspices of the United Nations in the field of urban development has been going on for four decades, with international conferences on human settlements taking place every twenty years, starting from 1976 in Vancouver, 1996 in Istanbul, to 2016 in Quito. Next international conference on human settlements should take place in 2036. This paper presents the New Urban Agenda and documents on which it relies onand gives an overview of the process of their creation and implementation.

Keywords: spatial planning, urban development, international cooperation, human settlements, United Nations

Ranko Mirić

Nusret Drešković

Boris Avdić

Adnan Efendić

GEOGRAFSKA REGIONALIZACIJA BOSNE I HERCEGOVINE U KONTEKSTU PROMJENA U NJENOJ POLITIČKO-TERITORIJALNOJ STRUKTURI

DOI: 10.35666/28310438.2016.4.467

UDC: 913:32(497.6)

Abstract: Contemporary trends in development of regional geography, as of geography in general, are focused on dynamism and pluralism in the sense of epistemology and methodology. In order to that, research object in this paper is based on the fact that integral and unique geographical space of Bosnia and Herzegovina, within the framework of modern administrative division do not resemble spatial and functional compatibility with regional structure, whether it be a physiognomic homogeneous, nodal-functional or complex geographical region. Real existence of multilevel dysfunctional administrative and political structure is only a factor and accelerator of disintegrating processes in all fields of geographical complex reality in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Authors put focus of this paper on the analysis of complex physiognomic regionalization, that is clearly resembled through differentiated and hierarchically conceptualized four macroregions – Peripannonia, Mountainous and Basins, Upper Karst and Mediterranean Macroregion, as well as higher number of mesoregions. Conditionally drawn boundaries between those regions and superposed on municipalities boundaries, which have undergone a significant quantitative and qualitative changes in the context of modern administrative division. In order with this fact, new delimitation and reconsidering of regionalization methodology are required. For that purpose, geographical analysis is conducted and suggestions for certain correction of previous physiognomic boundaries and territorial extension of first and second degree regions are given, with determined guidelines for future research on this topic.

Key words: regionalization, macroregion, mesoregion, boundary, municipalities

Anita Todorova

Dragan Kolchakovski

DOI: 10.35666/28310438.2016.4.479

UDC: 911.2:338.48(497.17)

Abstract: On the territory of the Republic of Macedonia are registered a large number of sites of geo-heritage that deserve special attention for their conservation and presentation. The basic criteria that should be prominent sites of geo-heritage are their representativeness, authenticity, specifics, diversity, integrity and a certain specificity in evolutionary developmental. In this paper will be made an identification, evaluation, categorization, conservation and presentation of eleven (11) sites stand out as objects of geo-heritage along the Corridor 10 in the territory of the Republic of Macedonia. For these sites can be visited, it is necessary to make greater tourism promotion which will attract foreign and domestic tourists.

Key words: identification, conservation, presentation, geo-heritage, Corridor 10, Republic of Macedonia

Edin Hrelja

Snježana Musa

Dane Pejnović

PROBLEMI ODRŽIVOG RAZVOJA PARKA PRIRODE BLIDINJA

DOI: 10.35666/28310438.2016.4.495

UDC: 338.484:502.131.1(497.6Blidinje)

Abstract: The subject of the paper are the current problems of sustainable development in Nature Park Blidinje. Within this framework, the following is discussed in more detail: geographical position and natural geographical features (as a potential, the starting basis for evaluation of its space resources), fundamental of its historical and geographical development (the method of the creative adaptation of society and disruption of the ecological balance in the past), protection, management and spatial planning (as one of the causes, instead of preventing the problem of sustainable development), contemporary functions and their spatial impact (carrying capacity as a factor in degradation of environment and landscape) and water quality as an indicator of environmental changes. The results show that the underlying cause of the recent problems of sustainable development is an uncontrolled urbanization (construction of tourist and residential facilities), mainly without regulatory base in a protected area since the mid-1990s. Facilities constructed in such manner are characterized by an irregular discharge of wastewater and sanitary water in the water permeable Quaternary sediments, which has far-reaching consequences for the environment due to the karst water circulation. According to the specific parameters, surface waters in the Park belong to the III and IV categories of water quality, while the excessive number of illegal microbiological contents is determined in some surface waters and groundwaters. The achieved level of contamination of surface water and karst aquifers, and the resulting health risks, impose the need of immediate undertaking of appropriate measures to redress the causes of this crucial problem.

Keywords: tourism, carrying capacity, sustainable development, Nature Park Blidnje

Miroslav Doderović

Dijana Babić

Dragan Burić

NEGATIVAN UTICAJ VODOPRIVREDE NA ŽIVOTNU SREDINU CRNE GORE

DOI: 10.35666/28310438.2016.4.520

UDC: 911.2[502.51:504.5](497.16)

Abstract: Construction of artificial reservoirs in the canyons and ravines lead to the complete destruction of populations of species and ecosystems in the flooding zones. A special loss of biodiversity caused by immersion is the disappearance or extreme fragmentation of relict ecosystems. Pollution and the depletion of ground water, is a problem of specific type, which is growing in our country. In the waters in karst that directly leads to the disappearance of endemic underground fauna. In general, taking on water sources, and the upper reaches of rivers, especially in mountainous areas, affect the water regime of entire region and takes a drastic lowering of biodiversity. The deep limestone canyons and gorges, besides the already submerged (Piva, Zeta), such as eg. Moraca, Lijeva Rijeka, Tara, etc. are extraordinarily rich refugia of relict and endemic flora and fauna, but, at the same time the focus of interest for the construction of hydropower facilities in the new (spatial) plans. Slowing water and shallowing due to backflow allows increased warming and the loss of dissolved oxygen, which occasionally leads to the murder of local aquatic animals.

Keywords: rivers, pollution, protection

Miroslav Doderović

Ljubomir Popović

Dragan Burić

NEGATIVNI UTICAJI POLJOPRIVREDE NA ŽIVOTNU SREDINU U CRNOJ GORI

DOI: 10.35666/28310438.2016.4.527

UDC: 338.43:502.131.1(497.16)

Abstract: Based on the results of the analysis of anthropogenic factors that threaten the conservation of biological and landscape biodiversity obtained the internationally standardized methods, it is possible to give a general assessment of the activities of certain economic activities and other similar processes and changes. Intentionally, rare and extraordinary spontaneously challenged, fires often occur in the Mediterranean regions, particularly destroying Mediterranean shrub and forest ecosystems. In some parts of Montenegro afforestation is widespread, as anti-erosion strategies, more in the past. Reforestation jobs are incompetent and unsuccessful. There are also attempts at reforestation above the upper forest border which is environmentally unsustainable, and as a practice condemned to failure.

Keywords: agriculture, protection, production

Samir Đug

Nusret Drešković

Ševkija Okerić

SEDRONOSNE NASLAGE RIJEKE UNE – POSTOJEĆE STANJE I KATASTAR SEDRONOSNIH NASLAGA

DOI: 10.35666/28310438.2016.4.540

UDC: 502[911.2:556](497.6Una)

Abstract: Una River is one of the few tufa-forming water streams on the territory of Bosnia and Herzegovina which are limestone formations last very long period of geological origin. The rare and unique, travertine deposits represented one of the basic elements of the natural heritage for the protection of the Una river and for the establishment of the eponymous national park. Accordingly, during 2016 were carried out field research that aimed to determine the current status of tufa deposits as well as to analyze the basic physical-chemical parameters influencing the process of formation of travertine. The studies were conducted with the help of the adequate field of laboratory equipment for physical-chemical analysis of water on more representative field locations on the river Una. The paper also analyzed microphythic and macrophyte communities that affect the process of the formation of biogenic travertine deposits. For the purpose of presenting the spatial distribution and includes travertine deposits in the study, the results of the established inventory for the same application of geographic information system. In addition to geovizual level cadastral activities are defined and accompanying geodatabase containing the basic hydro-morphological, physical, chemical and biological indicators of tufa deposits in the study sites. The results of the work are shown that the dominant type of travertine deposits represent biogenic travertine that develops in certain segments along the river Una, particularly in the area upstream from the town of Bihac. Research has also established that the basic hydrological and physical-chemical parameters of water in acceptable ecological values and favor the further development of natural travertine deposits.

Keywords: river Una, travertine deposit, travertine biogenic, macrophyte and macrophyte communities, cadastre of travertine deposits, geodatabase

Sabahudin Smajić

Edin Hadžimustafić

MORFOLOŠKO-HIDROGRAFSKE PROMJENE U JUŽNOM DIJELU BANOVIĆKOG BASENA UZROKOVANE POVRŠINSKOM EKSPLOATACIJOM UGLJA

DOI: 10.35666/28310438.2016.4.554

UDC: 502[911.2:551.4](497.6Banovći)

Abstract: In this paper morphological-hydrographical changes in the area of coal open pits in the southern part of Banovići basin are researched. The study was based on the field data and comparative analysis of topographic maps, satellite images, Digital Terrain Model (DTM) and situational plans of the researched area. With conducted morphometric analysis of physical and anthropogenic relief of open pits the changes in the structure of hypsometric level, slope and aspect, and the changes in the surface hydrographical network etc. are determined. The general trend of ground leveling, decrease in altitude differences, gradual disappearance of natural micro relief, disappearance of geomorphologic boundaries on the surface, disorganization of hydrographical network, the development of positive and negative forms of relief, and greater presence of physical-anthropogenic processes and forms in relation to physical ones are determined. Reduction of territories with southerly, easterly and westerly aspects, and a significant increase in territories with northerly aspect is also determined. Using GIS software applications, a geovisualization of these changes was made in ten thematic maps. Therefore, the explored morphological-hydrographical indicators can serve as a significant factor in the future planning and selection of the type of re-cultivation of degraded areas in the area of research.

Key words: morphological-hydrological changes, open pit, relief, morphometric analysis, GIS, geovisualizations, Banovići basin

Nikola Vojnović

TURISTI IZ BOSNE I HERCEGOVINE U ISTARSKOJ ŽUPANIJI

DOI: 10.35666/28310438.2016.4.569

UDC: 911.3:338.48(=1:497.6)(497.5Istra)

Abstract: What is analysed in this work is the spatial distribution for tourists from Bosnia and Herzegovina in the county of Istria. The aim of this work is to determine the development of arrivals and overnight stays by tourists from Bosnia and Herzegovina as well as the average of stays by tourists from Bosnia and Herzegovina from 2011 to 2015 throughout municipal and urban tourist boards: their spatial framework, with the exception of certain parts of the Istrian interior, is in accordance with the government and territorial division of such into either municipalities or cities. The method used here incorporates the research thus far concerning tourist visits according to nation of origin as well as the relationship between receptive and emissive regions, an analysis of statistics concerning the number of tourist arrivals and overnight stays in municipal, urban and county boards, as well as the complex method of field work using interviews as a method. The evaluation of advantageous transport and tourist-geographical locations in relation to emissive European regions, natural and anthropogenic attractions of Istria county has been, for decades, at the forefront in Croatia when the number of beds, tourist arrivals and overnight stays are taken into consideration: a fourth of all the tourists who visited Croatia visited Istria county, and a third of all overnight stays in the republic of Croatia was here as well. The number of tourist arrivals from Bosnia and Herzegovina from 2011 to 2015 was a total of 0,5 %, and the number of overnight stays saw a small increase from 0,38 % in 2011 to 0,54 % of all overnight stays in 2015. In that year the average stay by a tourist from Bosnia and Herzegovina was seven days. Certain parts of Istria County can be especially singled out from the average for this particular group. This exception has been confirmed due to the fact that labourers from Bosnia and Herzegovina find seasonal work here in the fields of construction, farming and tourism: their sleeping and living quarters where those which utilised non-commercial accommodation in municipalities located a little behind the coastal regions in which tourism is well-developed, especially in the western part of Istria County.

Key words: tourist arrivals and overnight stays, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Istria County

Alma Pobrić

Emir Kremić

EVALUACIJA TURISTIČKIH POSJETA I SMJEŠTAJNI KAPACITETI U KANTONU SARAJEVO

DOI: 10.35666/28310438.2016.4.584

UDC: 911.3[640.41:338.48](497.6KS)

Abstract: Urban tourism and the desire to travel to the cities has increased significantly in the last few decades. Sarajevo as a city with a long and rich history has a variety of conditions for the development of urban and cultural tourism. Besides anthropogenic motives and culturalhistorical heritage Sarajevo as city is characterized by curiosity that is reflected in the vicinity of the mountains that surround the city. An increasing number of tourists from number of countries visits city and Sarajevo Canton. This paper analyzes number of arrivals and overnight stays in the last ten years. The analysis was performed at the level of municipalities in Sarajevo Canton. In addition to the number of tourists analysis included accommodation capacities of hotels and hostels in Sarajevo Canton. Inventory and classification of hotels according to baseline characteristics was also carried out.

Keywords: urban tourism, increase in the number of tourists, analysis of the number of arrivals and overnight stays, accommodation in hotel and hostels

Metod Šuligoj

SVIJETLE I TAMNE STRANE MRAČNOG TURIZMA U SLOVENIJI

DOI: 10.35666/28310438.2016.4.595

UDC: 911.3:338.48-6(497.4)

Abstract: As well as many European countries, the territory of Slovenia is rich in remnants of many conflicts of the 20th century: WWI, WWII, the post-war mass killings, and the independence war in 1991. The sites of battlefields or other warfare sites/events have not been fully valorised in tourism terms, also due to different interpretations of experts and the local communities themselves. The purpose of this paper is to focus on some representative cases of memorial heritage which are considered to be a part of the dark tourism concept. A multicase study of selected cases of memorial heritage from WWI, WWII, the post-war period and the independence war will be employed. Authentic examples of WWI memorial heritage are present mainly in the western part of Slovenia, were the Soĉa (Isonzo) front took place. Today, these are exemplary cases with memorial, educational and conservational values, interesting for the tourists of all the involved nationalities: from the Central-European and Balkan nations to the Italians and their western allies. On the other hand, the heritage of WWII is nowadays perceived in a different sense, where the interpretation of the war and post-war periods in terms of the communist regime also has a negative attitude towards this period and the events that occurred at the time. However, in the socialist Yugoslavia, a systematic commemoration and visits of battlefield places and monuments was highly promoted. A strong emphasis was put on the remembrance and preservation of the memory of WWII, its victims and its heroes; traditional events are still present in the contemporary Slovenian society. A systematic research of post-war mass killings has been conducted in the past years in Slovenia and, as a result, many locations of mass killings and graves have been identified. These events/sites are traumatizing and dividing the Slovene public. Consequently, tourist valorisation of this dark side of the past cannot be implemented yet.

Key words: memorial heritage, dark tourism, Slovenia, war, conflict

Amra Banda

Vuk Tvrtko Opačić

RAZVOJ TURIZMA NA OLIMPIJSKIM PLANINAMA BJELAŠNICI I IGMANU

DOI: 10.35666/28310438.2016.4.606

UDC: 911.3:338.48-44(497.6Bjelašnica.Igman)

Abstract: Bosnia and Herzegovina, where winter tourism appeared and developed considerably during the period of socialist Yugoslavia, today after independence and post-war reconstruction, represents an increasingly important ski tourist destination. Olympic mountains Bjelašnica and Igman are representative example of mountain tourist destinations in Bosnia and Herzegovina that have passed through several stages of tourism development. Before the Winter Olympic Games held in Sarajevo in 1984, the majority of leisure activities on Bjelašnica and Igman was related to recreation - mostly hiking and day or weekend skiing. The turning point in the development of tourism in this area was the construction of the Olympic trails for alpine and nordic skiing, ski jumping platform, as well as hotel capacities and the necessary utilities and transport infrastructure. War after the collapse of socialist Yugoslavia in the first half of the 1990s completely stopped the development of tourism, and all pre-war hotel facilities with associated infrastructure have been destroyed. In the last fifteen years, part of the hotel facilities were reconstructed and tourism is developing sometimes over the carrying capacity of sensitive mountain ecosystems. The recent tourism development is characterized by a variety of tourism supply with diverse forms of tourism in different seasons with the dominance of the winter tourist season and the skiing tourism of mass character, especially on Bjelašnica. Bjelašnica with Igman is a popular tourist destination for skiing, snowboarding, paragliding, hiking, and in recent years rural tourism in developing in villages of Bjelašnica. The aim of this research is to analyze spatial characteristics of the tourism and recreation development on Bjelašnica and Igman. Bjelašnica and Igman have the potential for further tourism development, but it is necessary to ensure cooperation of various sectors in order to provide investments, create a tourism development strategy but also solve the problem of communal and transport infrastructure.

Key words: Olympic mountains, Bjelašnica, Igman, tourism development, mountain tourism, Bosnia and Herzegovina

Gregor Balažič

DOI: 10.35666/28310438.2016.4.624

UDC: 911.3:338.48-5(497.4)

Abstract: A review of scientific and professional geographic literature revealed that there is a lack of casino tourism research in Slovenia. The article focuses on the geographic distribution, the extent, of gambling tourism and the socio-geographic impacts of casino tourism in Goriška and Slovene Istria. Socio-geographic impacts are analyzed on the basis of available statistical indicators, including economic (salaries and guest visits), social (number of employees, number of diagnoses of pathological gambling) and, among spatial indicators, investments in general and tourism infrastructure. In conclusion, several potential positive impacts were identified along with a few negative outcomes.

Key words: casino tourism, socio-geographic impacts, Goriška, Slovene Istria, Hit d.d., Casino Portorož d.d

Milan Lalić

Gordana Jovanović

UPOREDNI PREGLED TURISTIČKIH POKAZATELJA U TUNISU I MAROKU U PERIODU 1990-2010. GODINE

DOI: 10.35666/28310438.2016.4.640

UDC: 911.3:338.48-1/-6(611+64)"1990/2010"

Abstract: Tourism today is one of the fastest growing industries and an important economic activity for many developing countries as well as several developed countries. The Mediterranean region, the first worldwide tourism region, represents 25.8% of global tourism receipts and 31.5% of international arrivals in 2010. From 1990 to 2010 in the Southern Mediterranean countries recorded growth rates the greatest in world tourism. As a part of this area, the Maghreb countries (especially Morocco and Tunisia) constitute a non-negligible tourist destination. Thus, tourism is considered one of the vital sectors in both countries. In the period 1990-2010 the share of tourism in GDP increased from 5.4 to 9.3% in Tunisia and 3.7 to 10.1% in Morocco. In the same period, tourism directly employs increased from 4.7 to 8.5% of total employment in Tunisia, and 3.6 to 9.3% in Morocco. Morocco is the first country that Atlas was developed tourist industry, while Tunis, compared to Morocco rather late involved in the development of the tourism industry. Morocco is less than three times larger than its Tunisian and it has about three-times more people. GDP per capita in Tunisia, about 1.46 times higher than Morocco. In the first decade of the third millennium Tunis a year is visited by an average of 6.8 million foreign tourists who realized around 33 million nights and brought revenue of US$ 2.4 billion US dollars. Morocco in the same period visited by an average of 6.5 million visitors, who made an average of about 16 million overnight stays, while the revenue earned an average of US$ 5.7 billion. So, although the approximate number of categorized units and beds, with about the same number of tourists total tourism receipts in Morocco is 2.4 times higher. The subject of this paper is a comparative view of tourism indicators and research competitiveness of the tourism sector in Tunisia and Morocco. We used the statistical data of the National Tourism Organizations, the National Institutes of Statistics of the two countries, as well as the World Tourism Organization (UNWTO), the World Travel and Tourism Council (WTTC) and the World Economic Forum.

Key words: tourism, Tunisia, Morocco, tourism indicators, competitiveness index

Nikola Todorović

Vojislav Deđanski

ZNAČAJ I PROSTORNI RAZMEŠTAJ TURISTIČKIH ATRAKCIJA U BEOGRADU

DOI: 10.35666/28310438.2016.4.651

UDC: 338.48-53:79(497.11Beograd)

Abstract: Belgrade is the most visited tourist destination in Serbia, which particularly comes to prominence in the foreign tourist flow. City's attraction base comprises cultural-historical heritage, events, natural tourist values with recreational zones and rich nightlife. Aim of this paper is to provide insight into importance of individual tourist attractions, their spatial dispersion and their presence in the destination image of Belgrade. In order to research these problems, a survey was conducted on a sample of 157 foreign tourists. The survey contained questions regarding socio-demographic characteristics of the respondents, sources of information about Belgrade and open-ended questions about the tourist attractions, whereby respondents stated attractions which they were aware of before the visit and attractions which they visited during their stay in the city. It was established that the Internet was the most commonly used source of information and that the Belgrade fortress was the most visited attraction in the city. Attractions which were visited by the biggest number of tourists are mostly concentrated in the central parts of the city, while the remaining attractions were characterized by a smaller number of visits. Results showed that individual attractions were not familiar to the majority of tourists before their arrival, which indicates their low presence in the destination's image.

Keywords: tourist attractions, Belgrade, destination image

Metod Šuligoj

SLOVENSKI “HOMO IUGOSLOVANICUS”: NEKE UZ TURIZAM VEZANE ČINJENICE I PITANJA

DOI: 10.35666/28310438.2016.4.662

UDC: 911.3:338.481(497.1:497.4)

Abstract: Former Yugoslav republics, such as Serbia, Croatia, and Bosnia and Herzegovina are considered to be the leading destinations among the Slovenian tourists. As figures show, travelling to the former Yugoslav republics (destinations) is a traditional travel habit for Slovenians which can be labelled as ―Homo Iugoslovanicus‖. The aim of this paper is to identify those significant elements that showed a relation with this phenomenon through different researches. Methodologically, we used employed a meta-analysis, and the interdisciplinary approach enabled us to identify the following reasons for visiting the former Yugoslav destinations: (1) the (Yugo)nostalgia as a post-Yugoslav (emotional) phenomenon, (2) more practical reasons for the rational decision made by tourists, e.g. lower prices for tourists who are coming from the country with a higher GDP per capita and salaries, relatively short geographical distance. There are several additional (sub)issuesrelated to this matter as well: the so-called traditional vacationing of Slovenes on the Croatian coast; a growing trend, especially among the younger population, to visit these countries because of special entertainment (e.g. New Year‘s Eve in Belgrade); reasons related to health tourism (e.g. medical treatment in health centres of Croatia, and Bosnia and Herzegovina) with lower prices and no long waiting times. In addition, Slovenia is a multicultural environment, with an extensive immigrant community from the former Yugoslav republics. Consequently, in addition to the middle and older generations who formally lived in Yugoslavia, the younger generations in Slovenia meet (new) languages and cultures in their home country, although they do not have any direct relationship with the former common state. Hence, these immigrants visit their relatives in the former Yugoslav republics, which is related to the socalled roots tourism.

Key words: Slovenian tourists, Homo Iugoslovanicus, (Yugo)nostalgia, Slovenia, Yugoslavia, culture

Aleksandra Dragin

Jasmina Đorđević

Kristina Košić

Časlav Kalinić

UNAPREĐENJE PRIKUPLJANJA PODATAKA TURISTIČKOG PROMETA U SRBIJI - POTREBA I ZNAČAJ

DOI: 10.35666/28310438.2016.4.673

UDC: 911.3:338.482(497.11)

Abstact: The main concern of this research is the statistical analysis of the tourist traffic that puts its focus on the ―invisible visits‖. For the case study is taken Serbia, with a detailed case study of Novi Sad, as one of the most popular destinations in the country. In the phase of making a theoretical framework for the thesis, apart from the empirical method, that was used as the basic explicatory method (gathering the exact data), the bibliographic-speculative method (relying to the referential sources) has also been used.During the process of evaluating the results, two statistical methods have been used, based on the statistical procedures: the descriptive (frequency distribution) and the comparative method. It has been noticed that some contingents of tourists are not included in the official statistical data in Serbia, eventwo last decades represent a more than 100% total numbers of registrated forein arrivals in Novom Sadu. The question is what causes the failure of this not-so-small contingent of tourists, speaking at the national level. Is the basic problem in the very definitions of tourists, visitors... Or whether the existing methodology used for statistical analysis is good enough, or it needs to be adjusted to the varying tourist trends and dynamics. This research will offer valuable data critical for improving the methods used in estimating tourist traffic, which can be further used in the field of tourism destination management, the economy of the entire areain general, build-up country brend index, as well as for the needs of stakeholders and of course in the area of sustainable development.

Keywords: tourist traffic, official statistics, Serbia, improving methodologies, invisible contingents

Senada Nezirović

TURISTIČKI POTENCIJALI PLANINA JAVOR I KONJUH I NJIHOVA TURISTIČKO-ATRIBUTIVNA VRIJEDNOST

DOI: 10.35666/28310438.2016.4.686

UDC: 911.3:338.48-44(497.6Javor.Konjuh)

Abstract: This papers subject is a recognition of mountain touristic potential in the area of municipalities Srebrenica, Vlasenica and Kladanj. Among the mountains, the biggest attention was given to geological, geomorphological and touristic potentials of Javor and Konjuh. These mountains have complementary tourist motives, which gives a great importance to their touristic valorization. In terms of transportation, they are linked to the surrounding cities, which is favorable to the development of summer and winter tourism. An identification of mountains' tourism potentials was given in the paper, all in accordance to their lower administrative and territorial units (municipalities), with the special attention given to their prominent natural predisposal and complexity of tourism opportunities, in order of advancing the development of mountain tourism.

Keywords: touristic potentials, mountains Javor and Konjuh, tourism

Aida Korjenić

Amra Banda

Amina Sivac

HIDROGRAFSKI POTENCIJALI UNSKO-SANSKOG KANTONA U FUNKCIJI RAZVOJA TURIZMA

DOI: 10.35666/28310438.2016.4.701

UDC: 911.3:338.48-44(497.6-28USK)

Abstract: Hydrographic objects of specific area can be an important natural potential for tourism development. Una - Sana Canton is located in the northwestern part of Bosnia and Herzegovina. Due to its specific geographical location as well as its physicgeographical determinants, the development of tourism in this area could be a significant source of income for the Canton. Valley of river Una and its tributaries, karst springs of high capacity and numerous hydrogeomorfological objects of great aesthetic value represent a unique entity which could affect the development of tourism to a large extent.

Keywords: hydrographic network, hydrographic resources, tourism, Una-Sana Canton

Lejla Žunić

TURISTIČKA EVALUACIJA MOTIVA (ATRAKCIJA) SARAJEVA

DOI: 10.35666/28310438.2016.4.717

UDC: 338.48-53:79(497.6Sarajevo)

Abstract: Destination of Sarajevo is the most important cultural and tourist center of Bosnia and Herzegovina (1/3 of the total national tourism). It has an extremely valuable tourist motives/ attractions (natural and anthropogenic) and, according to statistical indicators, it has had a positive trend of tourism development in the last decade. It is therefore very important to analyze tourist motives and their importance for the development of tourism. Tourist evaluation involves the assessment of several parameters: attractiveness, rarity, usefulness and accessibility. However, the tourist value of motives is largely reflected through impressions of tourist visitors. Travel experience/ tourist impression is especially important element of tourism which affects the affirmation of destinations in the world and encourages tourism trends. The research problem is the identification and valorisation models of motives in Sarajevo determining their significance. Research methods are: analysis, identification, classification, field work, surveys, evaluation, Hillary du Cross, Likert method, synthesis. The aim of the paper is to determine the actual tourist value of the motives for better planning of the offer. Of particular importance are the results of tourist assessments of the motives because the ultimate goal is to achieve the satisfaction of tourists and positive echo of the destination in the world. The motives of Sarajevo have favourable tourist value and particular importance in planning and development of tourism in Sarajevo destination.

Keywords: tourist destination, tourist attractions, tourist offer, tourist value, tourist impression, identification, tourist evaluation, tourism development

Verica Blagojević

Bogdan Lukić

Aleksandar Đorđević

Branko Protić

INFRASTRUKTURA U FUNKCIJI RAZVOJA TURIZMA PLANINE JAHORINA

DOI: 10.35666/28310438.2016.4.735

UDC: 911.3:338.488(497.6Jahorina)

Abstract: Jahorina, with mountains Igman, Bjelasnica and Trebević was the site of the Winter Olympics in 1984. Located in the southeastern part of the Serb Republic, differs from the neighboring mountains, on the basis of natural resources, it was declared natural asset of the nature park, which enabled the development of tourism activities. Successive development, primarily of the winter tourism, initiated the construction of tourist and other facilities, as well as technical and tourist infrastructure. This paper analyzes the existing and planned technical infrastructure which includes: transport, energy, water and telecommunications systems, as well as the tourism infrastructure necessary for the operation of various types of mountain tourism. Technical infrastructure is seen at three levels: main, local and communal/zonal. Tourist infrastructure is focused on locations that are activated or are planned to be equiped with certain technical systems. After the analysis of existing and planned technical and tourist infrastructure are given the surpluses and deficits at the tourist zones/sites and determine the priorities for reconstruction, upgrading and new construction of traffic, energy, water and telecommunications networks and facilities. Emphasis is placed on a synchronized phased construction of technical and tourist infrastructure, which can form an elite ski destination. In parallel with these activities, the main aim of spatial development of the mountain area should be the protection and presentation of exceptional natural resource of Jahorina mountain, according to high standards and norms established by the European and national documents, with the possibility of sustainable development that will not disrupt the balance of natural systems.

Key words: technical infrastructure, tourism infrastructure, tourism, synchronized development, mountain Jahorina

Lejla Žunić

KULTURNI FAKTORI TURISTIČKE RECEPTIVE SARAJEVA

DOI: 10.35666/28310438.2016.4.748

UDC: 911.3:338.483.12(497.6Sarajevo)

Abstract: Sarajevo as a tourist destination has a favorable tourist-geographical position because it is located on an important European tourist corridor used by Central European tourists to circulate towards the Adriatic Sea. At the same time, Sarajevo is the capital city of Bosnia and Herzegovina and therefore is the most important geographic, geotraffical, political, cultural and tourist center (1/3 of total tourism in BiH). The destination of Sarajevo has an extremely valuable tourism potential (natural and anthropogenic) but according to statistical indicators in the last decade it has had a positive trend of tourism development (moderate to high rates of increase in the number of tourists and overnight stays, accommodation, etc.). It is therefore very important to analyze the cultural factors of tourist reception: hospitality/ serviceability and content of the tourist stay. These factors largely affect the attractiveness of a destination and its sustainable tourism development. The problem of the paper is identification and valorisation of receptive cultural factors and relevant parameters. The aim fo the paper is to identify cultural factors of tourism and their value important for tourism destination development. Research methods are: analysis, identification, classification, field work, surveys, evaluation, Likert method, synthesis. Field work includes: observations surveys, interviews and other methods of data collection (from relevant institutions). The survey included more than 200 subjects- respondents (tourism employers and employees, tourists, tourist carriers) and it allowed to come to important insights regarding the evaluation of receptive cultural factors of Sarajevo tourism. These factors have a favorable tourist value and represent an important predisposition for planning and development of tourism in the destination of Sarajevo.

Keywords: Sarajevo tourist destination, receptive cultural factors,hospitality, the content of tourist stay, identification, valorisation, surveying, tourism development

Božić Sanja

Pivac Tatjana

Blešić Ivana

Lukić Tamara

NAIVNA UMETNOST SLOVAKA KAO TURISTIČKA ATRAKCIJA U VOJVODINI – STUDIJA SLUČAJA GALERIJE NAIVNE UMETNOSTI U KOVAČICI

DOI: 10.35666/28310438.2016.4.762

UDC: 338.48-53:7.011.26(=437.6)(497.113Kovačica)

Abstract: Nowadays, tourism can greatly contribute to the local population to preserve their customs and culture in various ways: by organization of various events, through cultural institutions (museums, galleries) and preservation of traditional crafts. This is the case with many ethnic communities in Vojvodina (Slovaks, Hungarians, Russians, and others), which managed in this way to preserve the authenticity of their culture in a multicultural environment. Slovak naive art in the Gallery of naive art in Kovačica, particularly stood out on the tourist map of Vojvodina's attractions, being visited by more and more tourists each year. The most renewed Kovačica's naive painters that contributed to the affirmation of the artistic life of Vojvodina Slovaks are: Martin Jonas, Zuzana Halupova, Jan Knjazovic, Martin Paluška, Jan Sokol and Jan Venjarski. Due to the great work and talent of these artists and their successors, the art of Slovaks‘ naive in Vojvodina became acknowledged around the world and contributed to the preservation of their culture in this area. Gallery of Naive Art in Kovaĉica is the most visited tourist attraction in the municipality of Kovačica, primarily due to the painter Zuzana Chalupová and Martin Jonas. The main objective of this study is to show the great value of naive arts of Slovaks in Vojvodina (which has a long tradition and dates back to the 19th century), through a case study of the Gallery of Naive Art in Kovaĉica. The work emphasizes the role of this museum in preserving the culture of Slovaks in Vojvodina, and provides proposals for its further affirmation through improved promotional activities and networking with similar cultural institutions of this ethnic group in Vojvodina.

Keywords: naive arts of Slovaks, cultural heritage, cultural tourism, Vojvodina, Slovak ethnic group

Simon Kerma

KONCEPT “TERROIR” U KONTEKSTU VINSKOG TURIZMA (PRIMJER SLOVENSKE ISTRE)

DOI: 10.35666/28310438.2016.4.769

UDC: 911.3:338.48-6:641/642(497.4 Istra)

Abstract: The geography of wine, wine regions and their identities is a fairly under-researched field of geography. This can be accomplished by introducing the concept of terroir, which is a distinctly geographical concept, and thus very useful in understanding both the protection of the geographical origin of wine, as well as the promotion of a wine region in the context of wine tourism development. The author identifies some connections between key elements (identifiers) of a specific wine region, which are important also for its wine-tourism development. Slovenian Istria as a wine district or wine region with a recognizable identity and more or less marked terroir, has been chosen for a case study. Key elements that define the identity of the region and its development potentials were identified by using the Delphi method. Among experts in the wine and tourism and hospitality sector a high degree of consensus has been achieved, which was checked with an online survey of the perception of the studied region between the inhabitants of Slovenia.

Keywords: geography of wine, wine regions, identity of a region, terroir, wine tourism, Delphi method, Slovenian Istria